BULLETIN OF ARCHAEOLOGY, ANTHROPOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY ¹ 2 (13) (2010)
Ànthropology
Zubova À.V.
Population of Yamnaya Cultural and Historic Community in the Light of Odontological Data
The article is devoted to an odontological description regarding population of Yamnaya cultural-and-historic community. Basing on odontological data, subject to analysis being a composition of Yamnaya population from Kalmykia, Astrakhan Oblast and the Ukraine. The author comes to a conclusion on morphological heterogeneity of the Yamniks and a leading role of gracile population of southern origin in development of their odontological characteristics.
Îdontology, Bronze Age, Yamnaya culture, morphological type, population.
Poshekhonova Î.Ye.
Craniologica Distinctions with Medieval Populations from Surgut Low Ob’ Basin (after data from burials of Barsova Gora)
New paleoanthropological data from burials of Barsova Gora, together with known data on two other middle taiga samplings, made it possible to describe, on a population level, an anthropological type of medieval inhabitants from Surgut Low Ob’ basin. Their formation was constituted by anthropologically different elements. The anthropological structure was based on a complex similar in its morphological characteristics to representatives of a Uralian group of populations connected with a Ugrian development line. One could also trace here participation of paleo-populations whose anthropological type being distinguished by domination of features of modern Ob’ and Irtysh groups associated with a Samodian genesis line. On the whole, during the Middle Ages a physique of local population of this region approaches to East Khanty inhabiting here in modern period.
West Siberia, Surgut Low Ob’ basin, Middle Ages, anthropological type, racial genesis, morphology, population.
Êîzlov À.I., Vershoubskaya G.G., Àteyeva Yu.À., Sanina Ye.D., Lisitsin D.V.
Anthropoecological Approaches to Evaluation of Energy Consumption with Food
Daily energy consumption for an individual (i.e. standard metabolism + working consumption) is normally covered with fuel value of consumed food. The article suggests an evaluation method regarding energy food value for populations different in the way of life and climatic characteristics of a habitation region. The estimated results approximate to true food value among Komi (Zyrians) and Komi-Izhemtsyi from Sub-Arctic region, as well as Buryat and Russians from Trans-Baikal region in the 1920s (with divergence of 3–7 %). The method is good for anthropological and ethnological investigations.
Body mass, standard metabolism, energy requirements, climate, way of life.
Galeyev R.M.
Craniotrigonometrical Investigaion of Skulls from Chernovaya VIII Burial Ground
The article is devoted to studying skulls’ series of the Okunevo culture from Chernovaya VIII burial ground, using a craniotrigonometrical method. The series identified two kinds of deformation in the occipital-and-parietal part. The analysis of craniotrigonomentrical distinctions showed that what occurs under deformation being changes in the skull angular parameters characterizing the extent of curvature in the occipital-and-parietal part. On the whole, the angular skull characteristics proved not to be liable to considerable changes under artificial deformation. Following basic craniotrigonometrical indexes of a facial frame and braincase, the skulls’ series from Chernovaya VIII proved to be heterogeneous. Following a complex of facial angles, it approaches the Causasian series, while following braincase diostinctions ― the Mongoloid ones.
Craniotrigonomerty, artificial skull deformation, the Okunevo culture.