BULLETIN OF ARCHAEOLOGY, ANTHROPOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY ¹ 2 (15) (2011)
Ànthropology
Aksyanova G.A.
Manifestation of sex dimorphism in the anthropological look of North Eurasian peoples
The article makes a quantity evaluation regarding variations in the absolute value of intersexual distinctions in groups, following a complex of measuring/descriptive racial and diagnostic characters of man’s look, representing independent systems which mark sex dimorphism. They attracted a new source base of 70 samplings of Eurasian modern ethnic groups. The author suggests methods of calculating the index of level of sex dimorphism in the group. The index was generalized for a complex of features, with consideration on possible reasons for the registered distribution. Subject to determination being certain specificity of East European, Asian and metis samplings. What is typical for the latter being a considerable increase of sex dimorphism in accordance with length of body, colour of eyes, height of a nose bridge, frequency of a concave back of nose, and prominence of cheek bones. The feminine part of the population tends to better preserving features of the look, typical for infant age. A summary value of sex dimorphism could be considered as an indirect criterion of group’s homogeneity. In accordance
with a racial composition, the most homogeneous groups being the Podkamenka Evenks, the Vadeyevo Nganasans, the Kineshma Russians, while the most geterogeneous ones being the Kolva Nenets, the Enets, the Inta North Komi, the Kamchatka Russians, the Nazym river Khanti. The value of sex dimorphism practically is not connected with the race.
Sex dimorphism, racial characters, population, ethnic group, North Eurasia, Komi, Nenets, Khanty, Mansi.
Vershubskaya G.G., Kozlov À.I.
Long-term changes of body dimensions with newborn children and their mothers in Siberia and Russian European North
Subject to analysis being data on changes of body dimensions with newborn children and women of fertile age from Chukotka, Buryat region, Tyumen Oblast, Komi and Perm regions in 1960–2000. A body length with the new-born children and their mothers tended to increase, while the babies’ body mass and the women’s width of pelvis tended to decrease. With the women born before 1985, the correlations of baby’s body length with mother’s height and dimensions of pelvis kept close to r = +0,4 (with the boys it was higher than with the girls). As to the residents of Perm and Syktyvkar born after 1985, their body dimensions got stabilized, with a tendency of increasing menarche age. The correlation of dimensions between newly made mothers and the boy babies did not change, while correlation of the girls’ length and mass with anthropometric indexes of their mothers tended to increase.
Secular trend, body length, body mass, dimensions of pelvis, menarche age.
Poshekhonova Î.Ye.
On medieval paleoanthropology of south taiga Low Irtysh basin (basing on the data from burial ground of IX–XVIII cc. on the territory of Krasnoyarsk archaeological complex)
The article is devoted to analysis of an anthropological type of the people buried in IX–XVIII centuries in the area of Krasnoyarsk archaeological complex. It is determined that the appearance of the South Siberian substrate in the structure of this taiga paleo-population could be explained by metisation processes, though its share remained quite insignificant compared with the component connected with West Siberian development trend. No doubt, even during developed Middle Ages the anthropological type of the population from the Middle Low Irtysh basin was practically the same as the look of modern regional residents.
West Siberia, Middle Low Irtysh basin, Middle Ages, anthropological type, racial and genetic processes, morphology.