The article is devoted to a problem of discovering central Asian relations regarding the population of the late Sarmatian time, basing on anthropological data. To solve the problem, subject to attraction being publications considering it on the basis of elements of a burial rite and material culture of Sarmatians. Under the analysis of anthropological correlations, high emphasis being placed on the ancient groups which to this or that extent  tend to experience a morphological similarity with the late Sarmatian material. It is noted that the population of the late Sarmatian culture experiences the greatest similarity to the population of the Tesinsky stage of the Tagarsky culture, as well as to certain groups of the Pazyryk culture. Such a result of an intergroup correlation could be helpful in searching sources of migrations which played an important role under the development of cultural and morphological features with the population of the late Sarmatian time.

The article presents investigation results regarding paleosteologic materials of the first Russian settlers from Tara Low Irtysh basin. According to results of osteoscopic and X-ray investigations of the skeleton materials, subject to discovery being five groups of pathological osteologic changes. The obtained data could be used for reconstructing a  mode of life and state of health with the first settlers of Tara Low Irtysh basin.