Ethnology  

Ushnitsky V.V.

Ethnonyms of sakha and yakut: historiography and ethnogenetic aspects

The article is devoted to examining the origin of a self-ethnonym regarding the people of sakha and its Russian equivalent of yakut. Subject to examination being historiography of the ethnonyms’ etymology and their connection with tribal names of the Altai peoples. The article cites folklore data on the habitation of a tribe named sakha in the Baikal region and on the Middle Lena, putting forward the hypothesis relating the name of sakha with sagaits, the tribe of sokha as a part of khakas, and sakhaet as a part of medieval keryeit. Subject to testing being hypothesis, relating the name of yakut with the ethnonyms of yekhe, jakut, nyakugir as a part of Tungus-and-Evenks and the Tungus name of jokogir (jukagir). 

Ethnonyms, ethnography, folklore, tribes of Central Asia, Turkology, ethnogenesis, historiography.

Volzhanina Ye.A.

Influence of localities upon traditional nomadic routes of the Yamal Nenetz in the first third of XX c.

The article considers questions of traditional land tenure with the Nenetz from Yamal peninsular in connection with an occurrence of localities on their habitation territory in the first third of XX c., namely, aspects of the localities’ origin and their influence upon the Yamal Nenetz traditional nomadic routes. A considerable role in the development of the Yamal Nenetz nomadic routes played the foundation of Obdorsk Ostrog at the end of XVI c., accompanied by taxation of the Samoyeds with a tribute, which coincided with a period of development of big herded reindeer breeding with the Nenetz. Another important factor was a development of industrial fishing on the Ob bay shore in the second half of XIX c., resulting in the development of private property for fisheries. As an outcome of the trading posts’ occurrence on the Yamal peninsular in the late 20s — early 30s of XX c., together with the development of a transportation system, connecting those with each other and giving a chance to reindeer breeders to make money by transporting people during a winter period, was the arrangement  of winter reindeer camps by some enterprising owners nearby the main transportation routes, to the detriment of their own reindeer economy, thus reducing the traditional nomadic routes.

Nenetz, Yamal, traditional land tenure, Pre-polar census, trading post, reindeer breeding, fishing.

Berezhnova M.L., Kabakova N.V., Korusenko S.N.

The dozor book of 1701 from the Tara uyezd as an ethnographical source of the peoples from the Tara Irtysh basin

Subject to examination being the dozor book of 1701 from the Tara uyezd, with the aim of its reliability, representation and information value. The book serves a valuable source on the history, economy, certain cultural aspects, settlements, socionormative phenomena, anthroponymy and ethnic history of the Turkic and Slavic population from the Middle Ishim basin.

Dozor books, Tara, service class, peasants, Tartars.

Kolomiyets O.P.

The initial data from the Circumpolar census as an ethnographical source in studying a traditional culture of the native peoples of the Russian North-East

The article considers data obtained from the Circumpolar census of the population in 1926–1927, kept in the National archive of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The presented documents contain data on the economy and culture of the Chukchi and Evens (Lamuts) from the Kolyma National Region of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Social Republic. The materials contained in the census settlement forms, together with additional comments made by registrars, considerably extend the scope of sources and knowledge on the life conditions, beliefs, rites, traditions, a system of nature management with the native population of the Russian North-East in the 20s–30s of the XX c.

 Traditional housekeeping and economy, the Chukchi, Evens (Lamuts), First Circumpolar census, ethnographical source.

Tatarnikova A.I.

What does a «non-Russian» smell?: A sanitary-and-hygienic culture of the aboriginal population from Tobolsk province in the second half of the XIX c. (according to Siberian press data)

The article presents a sanitary-and-hygienic culture of the regional aboriginal population through a perception of its olfactory constituent by representatives of the local Russian intelligentsia. At this, smells, as an element of a sanitary-and-hygienic daily life, serve as one of the criteria in the dichotomy «Russian — non-Russian», allowing to create the image of a «non-Russian», thus being helpful in the interpretation of their cultural characteri-stics.

Tobolsk province, aboriginal population, sanitary-and-hygienic culture, olfactory approach, «Russians», «non-Russians».

Agapov M.G., Korandej F.S.

University intellectual communities: interactive rites and assembly models

The article gives a description and interpretation of the main models of university intellectual communities as particular communication zones of intellectual networks by the example of the History Department of the Tyumen State University. Using this material, they consider such basic interactive rites as lecture and debate as a constituting element of intellectual networks. Basing on differentiation of the environment nature and structure of communications, they distinct three models of the university intellectual communities: «academy», «club» и «showroom».

 Erving Goffman, Randall Collins, intellectual communities, interactive rites, university.