Ceramics satyginskii type of the settlement Nizhnee ozero III 

The article describes the Neolithic pottery complex of the Satygino type. It was found in multilayer settlement Nizhnee ozero III located at the base of the East macroslope of Ural Mountain, in south part of the North Transurals. Three groups of pottery were recorded in remains of constructions № 1–3 dated to the Neolithic. Two of them have a great similarity with findings of the Koshkino and the Sumpan`ya types. The paper deals with the third group of ceramic. Most of these potteries are the closed-shape vessels, some of them profiled and rims do not have influxes. The bottoms are plain but there are also rounded. Sculptural ornamentation as relief bands, located in the upper part of the body, expresses the main feature of this ceramic group. They are straight or wavy, formed with applying technique or stretching of the vessel walls, decorated with incisions. All other patterns made in the technique of drawing and pricking, rarer of pricking-dragging. The analysis of the typological, morphological and technological characteristics, the planigraphy and stratigraphy of finds location, radiocarbon dates and comparisons with the Neolithic complexes of the Transurals, West Siberia and neighbor territories allowed to make hypotheses about cultural identity and period of existence of this specific complex. This pottery considered in the context of the Neolithic cultures of East Europe, conditionally called the pricking-ornamented cultures. It has analogy with the Koshkino, Boborykino and Satygino types of ceramic in the Transurals and West Siberia. In our opinion this pottery has the greatest similarity to the pottery of the Satygino type from the settlements of Sumpan`ya IV, VI of Ust`Vagil`skiy hill. In our view, the proposal to include the Satygino type in the area of the Boborykino culture is not justified. At present stratigraphic observations, the results of radiocarbon dating and the differences in technology and ornamentation of the ware shows the presence of at least two groups of relief bands ceramics on the territory of the Transurals and West Siberia, with local and/or chronological differences. The Satygino type pottery existed in parallel with the Sumpan`ya culture and at some point with the Koshkino culture on the territory of the North Transurals and the Konda lowland probably about 6750–5000 years BC (cal.). The Boborykino type of ceramic (including relief bands) had a larger area of extension and existed later, about 4700–3800 years BC (cal.), apparently together with the Bas`yanovo type of ceramic.

Key words: Neolithic, ceramics type, tipological, morphological and technological characteristics, Satygino type, Boborykino culture.

DOI: 10.20874/2071-0437-2016-32-1-019-031

23.03.2016

N.M. Chairkina

Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the RAS, S. Kowalewski, 16, Yekaterinburg, 620990, Russian Federation

Е-mail: chair_n@mail.ru

E.N. Dubovtceva

Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the RAS, S. Kowalewski, 16, Yekaterinburg, 620990, Russian Federation

Е-mail: ket1980@yandex.ru