Anthropology  

Alperovich A.I., Soshkina A.D., Andreeva T.V., Kunizheva S.S.,  Adrianova I.Yu., Malarchuk A.B., Kuznetsova I.L., Goncharova N.N., Kabaev D.A., Chernyaeva L.L., Rogaev E.I.

The DNA portrait of an individual from the medieval necropolis of “Patriarchal Garden” (Vladimir city) with a rare funeral rite — a stone pillow

The history of Ancient Rus is inextricably linked with the history of ancient Vladimir, the capital of North-Eastern Rus in the 12^th–14^th centuries. Historical, anthropological, and archaeological data suggest a complex composition of the population of Ancient Rus cities, however, the genetic structure of this population is currently practically unexplored. We performed whole-genome sequencing with high coverage for an individual from a burial with a stone pillow from the necropolis “Patriarch's Garden” in Vladimir, dated to the second half of the 13^th–14^th centuries. Based on this, the individual was identified as a male. Identified haplogroups of mitochondrial DNA (H1ba) and Y-chromosome (R-L21) of the buried man have not been previously described in burials from the territory of Ancient Rus. The paternal lineage of the individual is likely traced to the territory of Northwest Europe. In combination with data on autosomal markers, these results testify to the genetic connection of the man buried in Vladimir with the Western European populations.

Keywords: ancient DNA, Ancient Rus', Vladimir city, stone pillows, whole genome analysis, H1ba mtDNA haplogroup, R-L21 Y-haplogroup.

Sleptsova A.V.

Anthropological composition of the 6^th–13^th centuries population from the Middle Irtysh region according to data from dental analysis (preliminary results)

The current paper is devoted to the reconstruction of the processes of formation of the population from the subtaiga and forest-steppe areas of the Irtysh River region in the Early and High Middle Ages based on the dental analysis of communities of the Potchevash (29 individuals) and Ust-Ishim (49 individuals) Cultures. The characteristics of the samples, according to the extended dental non-metric program and subsequent statistical comparison with the Early Iron Age groups and new author's data (275 individuals) — series from the Great Migration Period and Medieval period of Western Siberia, allowed to preliminary assume that the anthropological composition of the forest-steppe population of the Middle Irtysh region in the 6^th — beginning of the 9^th century was formed on the basis of the Sargat groups of the Tobol-Irtysh region, which inhabited these territories in the previous period. Apparently, the spread of the material culture of the Turkic-speaking communities into the Tobol-Irtysh forest-steppe did not affect the anthropological composition of the Potchevash population. The anthropological composition of the subtaiga and forest-steppe groups of the Middle Irtysh region differs. The later Ust-Ishim group of the 9^th–13^th centuries from the subtaiga part shows an increase in frequency of traits of eastern orientation.

Keywords: Western Siberia, Great Migration Period, Middle Ages, biological anthropology, Potchevash Culture, Ust-Ishim Culture.